Özet
Rhetoric And Humor Relationship And Nasreddin Hodja Anecdotes
The situations that cause laughter have been studied from different perspectives but they have not been discussed rhetorically, that is to say in terms of figure of speech.
Figure of speech shows rhetoric/oratory effect if it is done within the framework of relation between natural and reasonable words. However, if the relationship between the words is constructed on the basis of a relationship that is unnatural and transcends the logical boundaries, the fictionalizes scene immediately turns into comedy.
When inter-word relationships in rhetorical structures such as simile, figure of speech, metaphor, the rhetorical techniques of pretending ignorance (tecâhül-i ârif) and unexpectedness (terdîd) are built at a level that will exceed the limits of logic, the literary art does not serve its own purpose, it becomes a comedy.
The most appropriate ones among the literary arts for the humor anecdotes are the rhetorical techniques of pretending ignorance and unexpectedness. In the rhetorical technique of pretending ignorance, it is intended to create a pleasure of exploration in reader or listener on the grounds of surprise and amazement through intelligent re-editing of the information that is known and common. If this is done within the frame of the aesthetic fictions and borders, it brings out the excitement of discovery in readers; however, if it exceeds the limit of aesthetic fiction purpose and pushes the limit of logic, it turns into comedy.
In the art of unexpectedness, there is an excitement of discovery fed by the feeling of surprise caused by evolvement of a well-known and widespread knowledge into an unexpected stage and mostly the funny situation happens in the last stage.
Nasrettin Hodja anecdotes, if classified in terms of rhetoric, should be considered under three headings. The first one is "aphorism". One of the things that add value to NasrettinHodja anecdotes is some of the aphorisms that resemble the rhetorical technique of unexpectedness. "Fine feathers make fine birds, who pays the piper calls the tune; if the wisdom is in the quilted turban, you wear and read it; does the thief have no guilt at all? watch me cry if I can't find the donkey there either; so where is the liver if the cat is here, where is the cat if the liver is here?"
The fiction of some Nasrettin Hodja anecdotes shows the example of the rhetorical technique of unexpectedness. For instance, his replies such as "Be wherever you are as long as not in the coffin; Appear to whoever you want as long as you do not appear to me; To the one who asks where the baklava tray is gone "What is it to me, what is it to you?"
Some of NasrettinHodja anecdotes have been told in the rhetorical technique of pretending ignorance. Although Hodja and his answerer know the true nature of the mentioned subject, Hodja causes laughter with the answers he gives as if he has no idea about it. While doing it, the fact that the relationship between the real situation and the situation that Hodja tales is in the absurdity causes the emergence of laughter by contradiction. For instance, this is the case in the following anecdotes: He says to his wife, "Azrael takes you instead of me." Upon a question he replies, "If the month of Ramadan was not happy, would it arrive 10 days early each year?" His saying to the thief "I own the house you carry on your back". About his wife, "if she had strolled around so much, she would have gone to our house too." As he ferments the lake "What if it works?" When he does not want to give his donkey, "Are you going to believe the donkey's words or my words?" and the famous anecdote "The boiler has given birth." In these anecdotes, the humor is revealed by the contradiction between reality and the answer given by Nasrettin Hodja using the rhetorical technique of pretending ignorance.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Humor, Nasrettin Hodja, rhetorical technique of pretending ignorance, unexpectedness, relationship b